Key and keyway



Feb. 15, 1921.

H. M. KNIGHT KEY AND KEYW'AY 1 2 2v 1 w'v. m w 7 Filed0c.2 1919 ZSheets-Shet? Illii-..

ATTORNEYS Patented Feb. 15, 1927.

nniinnnr iu; KNIGHT,.OF MONTGLAIR, nnw'unnsnr,

A pnl ication filed October 27,.1919.

4 This invention has referenceto keys for connecting contiguous bodies and Wh le spetion is to provide a key ofis'uchla' form that it will be rnovablewithin the key Wayls of the adjacent contiguous bodies, permitting a latitude of movement without, binding -the the contiguous bodies or ,the key. Another object ofthe invention is to so indentthe key-by'grooves around thepeniphery as-to secure a larger amount-of surrounding ceinentitious material between the key and the sides of the key way. Another object of the inventioniis to indent the key byignooves so 'as toiincrease the amount of oe'rnentitious material carried into the key-way by the edges of the grooves. Another objectoffthe inventionvis to provide such grooves around the periphery of -the key,tfor the purposeot gathering-up the ceme'ntitiousjmaterial during the insertion of the key and carrying such eementit-ious material into the key vvay during the insertion' of the key. Another objectis' to provide a key that isj-selflocking and automatic in its operation. 1A nother object is to provide akey thatflhas a inultipleof parts interlocking so as to automatically unite upon contact, Still other objects of 'the invention are to provide keys which while rigid, after final; cenientation permit certain latitudes 0t movement, of "ad ustment during insertion and previousto final cementation v t In the figureshsimilarnumbers refer to similar parts:Fig ur e 1 s a cross section ofa keyon line 1,1 of Fig; 2through the largest cross sectional area of the key, Fig. 2; is a side view of akey, Fig, 3 isfa cross lsection of a-key through the bottom of a. groove at the point of the leastcross section,

F ig. 4 is a cross seetionof a keyoffdumh bell shape, Fig. 5 is' a cross section showing a key-locked in position; in the key-ways and 'inakin'g' up an interlocking key of dumbbell shape, Fig. 6 is an'elevation of half of the interlocking key shown inFig. 5, Fig. 7

is a cross section of half ofthe interlocking k r l bw are 1 th l n 7 [-1 'f i automatic projection, on the "shanl of swee twee e s-i tee e. K -thek y .f ees' rt qns whi ebeme r ati e y a ,otlthe same. I s ze ,as th ekeywa' y,so asnotfltjo all conditions "exist lbetvveenfthe key a'ndlthe, sidesoffthe key-way, and? at fthe I same. time, that tth'e.re lativefqi'iiis of. a' key Serial No 6, Fig. 8 is a cross seetion' of the loek-ing j on half of the; interlocking keyshown in Fig. 5, 'Figf. 9 ,isa er-qes se tion Of a doub mena ing ,kjen hav ng s't F g 1: s ew-@9 0 e h; i l ffi th e: interchangeable interlocking key o shown n Fig ,9, Fi 2 s. a trus s ti nlol lhiajl ht. sides, cemented in position in the k'ey wayis,

of the interlocking key shown 9 011,

he lin v l llv oi ig 10- R e j' i g o; v dr wi gs, a e; un t to be connected by means ofQkey -yvaysca cl keys;

2 is key-way; 3 is; ast-might line f key of tizapezoi dallcross sect on 41 1's our duneb bell"section; 5, are grooves around from the trapezoidal key, are-openings n the said. fa gs ;,8; s a ,WardI, for use .in .j'o'o na ianged key boltg IO' 'is, an; automatic iiiteroc n re }d m belli eetie ea l is fa lockl lg Qf P.6%O,ildal seeof ;an autoin at ie interlocking key; 1 61, is; a

0t thefastcning mean is, a.,1 ey,' inser ed in a key Way." It ishighlydesirable that n hat aveunn e sary sm le m i .k y, ,should also GIOfSLlChJLiOIm as willass uije th t ti sufli'cl'ency of surround ng c ment .c err n -emeti nter'lockui'gkev,; 151's, a modifiedrdumbrbell r if 1', r? ip- 1 i In th inreq s 70f n ng listm h npf p ca t n ret e etherwlse. eethet, 1

tious rnateriallshall at all tilnes endunder w,

sides woff-the of key-w 'y -htl bs h st r Perm t 59f a certain andfconiparatively sniall latitu de of. motion as between u1q;1 e ,@m1, the key; away without binding or fracturing either. ,The I lines, of ordinary. dpveflaile d k ys ,and key-ways, eitheron ui-wed or straig itf l'ines areusuallyparallel so, thatlthei e;is afpos- "1,

sibili'ty, that one or grec'e iof o the key hf'the key-way, resulting inno, or an insufficlency of surrounding oement1tious material. Inthe key shown in Fig. land the" other figuresaccompanying this application,

' -.One of the essential featuresto the sucouter throat of the key-way; With the' continuedlowering of the'upper unit, the point i a key has been provided in which no part 7 of any face, whether the same shall be made up of straight or curvilinear lines, shall rest on any face continuously for any area of the key-way, the point of contact of keys and key-ways being linear and not superficial and by reason of the fact that all lines are ,out-of parallel,' it is possible to secure a considerablelatitude of motion of the Various units andcomponent parts with reference to each other, and with reference to the key without rendering it impossibleto insert the 'keyofr to adjust the units or. parts after such insertion. While in the drawings accompanying this appl cation, the lines as shown are considerably out of parallel, in practice this lack of parallelism will not be as great I as indicated in'the drawings, the unparallel relation being exaggerated for the purpose of clarity.

cess of any system of uniting contiguous hbodies' by means of keys and key-ways is i-thatqthereshall always be a sufficiency of cement or binding material between the facings of the keys and key-ways respectively. 7

i "In inserting long keys into long key-ways,

itis difficult and quite often impossible toloe {sure that a continuous body of cement is be- '30 tween the different .faces., For the purpose of assuring that the cementitious material is carried'into the joint, grooves are made at intervals around the periphery of the key.

' When the key is inserted, the said grooves collect thecementitious material and become thereby carriers of. the said cementitious material throughout the entire length of the key and keyway. A longitudinal forward and reversal movement of the key within the key-way during or after msertlon serves fitocompletelyifill both the grooves and the spaces, thereby assuring a solid and com plete joint;

m Fig, 5' illustrates a dumb-bell key, so called, in which the lower half is inserted in thekey-way of the lower unit when that 7 unit is placed in position and before the up- V perunit has been placed with a certain 1 amount of cementitlous material around the said keyand within said key way. The 0cmentit-ious material is then placed 'upon' the joint between the two units to be united and theupper unit, into the key-way .of which the other half of the dumb-bell key hasbeen inserted with a certain amount of cementitious material, is placed in position upon the lowerunit, previously in position. The

effect of such an operation is to force the shank of the lower half outwardly, and untiljthe side of'the shank rests against the of the shank of the lower half of the key locking, both shanks beingmoved'apart andtoward each other at identical times and by similar forces. As both keyways"have a certain amount of cementitious material placed therein and asthejolnt has had a surplus :of cementitious material; placed therein and as before the lower'ing of the up-- per unit, the cement upon the joint and in the key-ways is forced around. the various portions of the keysand in setting up holds them in permanent and fixed position as is represented in Fig. 11 in the case of the dumb-bell key and Figs. 9 and 11 in the cas V of the straight line key.. v

hat Iclaim is 1. In a structure of the class described, a

multiple of units, edges to'said units, the edges of adjacent units being juxtaposed, alined re-entrant grooves insaid juxtapose edges, interior faces to said grooves made up of arcs'of circles, a key, heads to said key,a shank connecting sa1d heads, sa1d heads beng in sa1d grooves and exterior faces to said heads made up of arcs of circles differing in radii from those of the faces of the said grooves, V

2. In a structure of the class described, a multiple of units, edges to said units,vthe edges of adjacent units being juxtaposed, alined re-entrant grooves in said juxtaposed edges, interionfaces to said grooves, a key composed of a multiple 'of interlocking parts, heads to, said key, shanks, connected to 'said heads, said :heads being in said grooves, and exterior faces to said heads angularly disposed relative to adjacent faces of said grooves Y 3. Ina structure of' the class described,

a. multiple of units, edges to said units, the edges of ad acent units being juxtaposed, alined re-entrant grooves in sa1d uxtaposed edges, interior faces to said grooves, a key composed of amultiple of'interlocking parts, heads to said key, shanks connected tosaid heads, said heads being in said groovesv and exterior faces to sa1d heads, said facesof sa1d heads be ng without superficial contact with the said faces of the said} grooves.

Signed at New York city, in the county of NewYork and State of New York, this Qfltlrday of October A. D. 1919. v

' HERBERT M. KNIGHT. 

